News
Understanding the Types of Certificates of Occupancy in Nigeria by Dennis Isong

A Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) is a crucial legal document that establishes the right of an individual or entity to possess and utilize a piece of land in Nigeria.
This document plays a pivotal role in the country’s land tenure system, and there are various types of Certificates of Occupancy, each with its unique features and implications.
The Statutory Right of Occupancy is one of the most common types of C of O in Nigeria. It is issued under the provisions of the Land Use Act of 1978, which vests all lands in the country in the government. Individuals or entities seeking to acquire land must apply for this type of C of O.
The government grants the statutory right of occupancy for a specified term, typically 99 years, and the landholder is expected to comply with the terms and conditions outlined in the document.
- Statutory Right of Occupancy:
- Customary Right of Occupancy:
In areas where customary land tenure systems prevail, the Customary Right of Occupancy is applicable. This type of C of O recognizes and formalizes land rights based on customary practices. It is crucial for individuals to adhere to the customary rules of the community to obtain and maintain this right of occupancy. The Customary Right of Occupancy provides a legal framework for land ownership within the context of local customs and traditions.
- Deemed Grant:
The Deemed Grant of C of O occurs when an individual or entity has been in continuous and undisturbed possession of land for an extended period, typically 12 years.
In such cases, the law deems the government to have granted the occupier the right to the land. However, the conditions for a Deemed Grant vary, and it is essential for individuals to consult legal professionals to ensure compliance.
- Rural Certificate of Occupancy:
Specifically designed for rural areas, the Rural Certificate of Occupancy is a form of land title that aims to encourage agricultural and rural development.
It provides a legal basis for individuals to engage in agricultural activities and other developments in rural settings. The conditions for obtaining this type of C of O often involve demonstrating a commitment to rural development projects.
Challenges and Considerations:
While Certificates of Occupancy provide a legal framework for land ownership in Nigeria, there are challenges and considerations that individuals should be aware of.
Delays in the issuance of C of O, bureaucratic processes, and disputes over land ownership are common issues that can arise. It is crucial for individuals to navigate these challenges by seeking legal advice, conducting due diligence, and engaging with the appropriate land authorities.
Legal Compliance:
Compliance with the conditions outlined in the Certificate of Occupancy is paramount. Failure to adhere to the terms and obligations specified in the document can lead to revocation of the C of O. Regular inspections and assessments by relevant authorities may occur, underscoring the importance of continuous compliance.
Certificates of Occupancy in Nigeria are instrumental in securing land rights and fostering responsible land use
Land Use Planning:
Certificates of Occupancy are also closely tied to land use planning. Zoning regulations, environmental considerations, and adherence to development plans are integral aspects that landholders must take into account. It is essential to ensure that any development on the land aligns with the stipulations set forth in the C of O and local planning regulations.
Professional Assistance:
Given the complexity of land laws and the potential challenges in the process, individuals are strongly advised to seek professional assistance. Legal experts specializing in real estate and land matters can provide invaluable guidance, ensuring that all legal requirements are met and potential pitfalls are avoided.
Future Developments:
The landscape of land tenure in Nigeria may undergo changes with evolving legislation and policies. Staying informed about any amendments to land laws and government policies is crucial for individuals holding Certificates of Occupancy. Adapting to these changes will help protect landholders’ rights and interests over time.
Certificates of Occupancy in Nigeria are instrumental in securing land rights and fostering responsible land use. However, navigating the complexities of the land tenure system requires diligence, compliance, and a proactive approach. Whether acquiring a Statutory Right of Occupancy, adhering to Customary Land practices, or benefiting from a Deemed Grant, individuals should be aware of the challenges and considerations involved. Seeking professional assistance and staying informed about legal developments will contribute to a secure and sustainable land ownership experience in Nigeria.
▪︎Dennis Isong is a TOP REALTOR IN LAGOS.He Helps Nigerians in Diaspora to Own Property In Lagos Nigeria STRESS-FREE. For Questions WhatsApp/Call 2348164741041
News
Something has to be done, Our electricity bills now more than house rent – Band A customers cry out

Minister of Power Adebayo Adelabu proudly highlighted the accomplishments of his ministry during his tenure.
Adelabu celebrated the ministry’s successes since taking charge a few years ago.
Minister Adelabu announced that the ministry achieved an additional N200 billion in revenue in 2024, as reported by Saturday Tribune.
But many Lagos residents, especially consumers in the power sector, do not share in the minister’s excitement.
Of late, it has been a litany of woes from the consumers, who insist that the reforms introduced by the minister since assuming office have left them worse off.
They can no longer use their freezers, pressing irons and other energy-sapping appliances.
Unfortunately, they believe the minister has abandoned them to the whims and caprices of the distribution companies (DisCos) in the state.
The DisCos, they claim, have continued to rip them off under the noses of the minister and other relevant regulatory authorities in the sector.
Some of them argue that despite being placed on Band A, they have been contending with epileptic power supply in their localities.
Recently, residents of Aguda and Ayetoro CDA in Surulere expressed their displeasure over exorbitant electricity bills despite poor power supply to the supposedly Band A consumers.
They allege that they receive less than 10 hours of electricity daily, instead of the over 20 hours meant for Band A consumers. Besides, they claim that N10,000 worth of electricity units last less than two hours.
They are therefore calling on the Eko Electricity Distribution Company (EKEDC) to return them to Band C, where they believe they truly belong based on the hours of electricity their community receives.
“What they are giving us is even more than our house rent. If you load N10,000 now, it won’t last two hours. Despite the high tariff, we are not getting electricity adequately,” Mr. Jimoh Ajala, the Aguda CDA leader, lamented in a video.
Ajala said, “I am here because of EKEDC. This is a residential area, not commercial. Like yesterday, they took the light four times for four hours each. We are requesting that the DisCo should return us to Band B or C. The tariff is for commercial users and we are not; we are residential.”
Another resident, Adeyanju from Ayetoro CDA, corroborated Ajala’s claims, saying that what they pay for electricity is more than their house rent.
“We are paying more than our house rent for light. This is killing us. They should return us to Band D,” he said.
Jimoh Ajala and other Aguda CDA residents in Surulere protested at the Ikoyi Federal High Court, demanding government action against their exorbitant electricity bills.Interestingly, they are not alone.
Many Lagos residents are finding it increasingly difficult to pay their electricity bills due to several factors, including the harsh economy, rising inflation, high transportation costs and rent, among others.
Source: Saturday Tribune
News
JUST IN: Governor Alia Names Top Politicians, NASS Members Sponsoring Attacks In Benue

…..Alia made the allegation during Friday’s Politics Today program on Channels Television, describing the situation as very unsettling and extremely unacceptable.
Benue State Governor, Hyacinth Alia, has accused top serving politicians in Abuja and the National Assembly of instigating killings, harbouring and feeding those responsible for the crisis in the state.
Alia made the allegation during Friday’s Politics Today program on Channels Television, describing the situation as very unsettling and extremely unacceptable. The Governor said that while the politicians were interested in fighting for their positions, it was his right to protect and serve the interests of the masses.
Although Alia declined to disclose the names of the politicians allegedly involved in the killings, he stated that a judicial panel had been set up to investigate the reasons behind the attacks, adding that the report indicted many big names and vowed to take up the matter when he receives the full report.
He said, “It is very, very unsettling because top politicians who are very functional and are in the National Assembly and are in Abuja, are the architects and arrowheads of not just instigating, but harbouring and keeping these people and feeding them in the bushes, and taking care of all their needs and buying all the other gadgets for them.
“This is extremely unacceptable. If they do not love the lives of the people and they’re only fighting for their own position, I think I am serving the interest of the common masses and it is a concern to me, and it is my right to protect it.
“We set up a judicial panel to sort out for us why we kept having attacks from within and from without, and we have received an interim report. Between Tuesday and Wednesday next week, I am going to get a full report from the panel.
“So once we receive this report that is coming, we are going to take it up and take it up very seriously. There are quite a lot of big names that are mentioned here, so this is where we are.”
International
Republic of Ireland deports 35 Nigerians without cogent reason

The Republic of Ireland has deported no fewer than 35 Nigerians, including five children, to Nigeria in a chartered flight that departed from Dublin Airport on Wednesday night.
According to the Irish Mirror, the returnees, comprising 21 men, nine women, and five children, landed in Nigeria on Thursday.
Irish Minister for Justice, Jim O’Callaghan, said he was “happy to say” that all of them returned to Nigeria despite an unscheduled stopover due to a medical incident on board.
While the Irish government did not give a specific reason for the deportation of the Nigerian nationals, O’Callaghan only said, “Ireland has a rules-based immigration system. It is important that those rules are robust and enforced.
”However, the Nigerians in Diaspora Commission said it was not aware of the deportation of the Nigerians by Ireland on Thursday.
The NiDCOM spokesperson, Abdur-Rahman Balogun, made this known on Thursday.
-
News2 days ago
JUST IN: “Nobody was abducted on Abuja-Kaduna road”, Police deny abduction of 200 persons
-
International2 days ago
Trump bans citizens of Chad, Congo, 10 others from entering US
-
Crime2 days ago
Lagos Insists Residents Patronise PSP Waste Operators or Face Prosecution with N250 Thousand Fines
-
International14 hours ago
Republic of Ireland deports 35 Nigerians without cogent reason
-
News2 days ago
Sallah: President Tinubu’s felicitation message to Muslims on Eid-el-Kabir (Full Text)
-
News1 day ago
JUST IN: Former Chief Justice, Mohammed Lawal Uwais dies at 89
-
Politics1 day ago
BREAKING: Akwa-Ibom State Governor, Umo Eno officially defects to APC
-
Entertainment14 hours ago
BREAKING: Nigeria’s music Maestro, Mike Ejeagha dies at 95