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6 quick tips to master personal finance in the face of dwindling Nigerian economy

The naira has been on a downward spiral, with the exchange rate for one US dollar reaching an all-time high of 733 naira at the black market and 461 naira officially as of May 2023.

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The Nigerian economy has been experiencing a steady decline in recent years, leaving many citizens struggling to navigate the turbulent financial waters. With the naira facing continuous devaluation and a soaring inflation rate, personal finance management has become a crucial survival skill for Nigerians. This article aims to inspire and empower individuals to take charge of their finances, offering practical advice and expert insights to not only survive but thrive in the face of economic challenges.

As of today, the consumer price index (CPI), which measures the rate of change in prices of goods and services, rose to 22.04 percent in March 2023, up from 21.91 percent in the previous month. However, this figure is still alarmingly high, considering the single-digit inflation target set by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). The naira has also been on a downward spiral, with the exchange rate for one US dollar reaching an all-time high of 733 naira at the black market and 461 naira officially as of May 2023. This economic uncertainty has led to job losses, pay cuts, and reduced purchasing power for the average Nigerian.

Despite the bleak outlook, financial experts believe there is hope for Nigerians who are willing to adopt sound personal finance practices. “The key to financial success in a dwindling economy lies in discipline, planning, and investing,” says Amina Mohammed, a renowned financial consultant based in Lagos. “By taking control of your finances and making informed decisions, you can achieve financial freedom and protect yourself from the effects of the unstable naira.”

Here are some practical steps to help you master personal finance in the face of Nigeria’s economic challenges:

1. Create a budget and stick to it

Developing a budget is the foundation of good financial management. List your income and expenses to track your cash flow and identify areas where you can cut back. Prioritize your spending on necessities and avoid impulsive purchases. Sticking to your budget will help you live within your means and prevent unnecessary debt.

2. Build an emergency fund

Having an emergency fund is crucial, especially during times of economic uncertainty. Aim to save at least three to six months’ worth of living expenses in a separate account to cushion yourself against unforeseen crises such as job loss, medical emergencies, or other unexpected expenses.

3. Pay off high-interest debts

High-interest debts can cripple your finances and hinder your ability to save or invest. Make a plan to pay off these debts as quickly as possible, starting with the highest interest rate first. As you pay off each debt, redirect the funds to the next debt on your list, creating a “debt snowball” effect that accelerates your debt repayment process.

4. Diversify your income sources

Depending on a single income stream can be risky, particularly in an unstable economy. Look for ways to generate additional income through side hustles, freelancing, or investments. Diversifying your income sources can provide a financial safety net and increase your overall earning potential.

5. Invest wisely

Investing is a powerful tool to grow your wealth and protect yourself from inflation. However, it’s essential to make informed investment decisions and avoid get-rich-quick schemes. Consult with a financial advisor to determine the best investment options for your risk tolerance and financial goals.

6. Educate yourself on personal finance

Stay informed about financial trends, concepts, and strategies by reading books, attending seminars, or enrolling in online courses. Continuous learning will empower you to make smarter financial decisions and stay ahead of the economic curve.

In conclusion, mastering personal finance in Nigeria’s dwindling economy may seem like an uphill battle, but with determination, discipline, and the right strategies, it is possible to achieve financial stability and success. By taking charge of your financial future, you can create a brighter outlook for yourself and your family, safeguarding your wealth against the fluctuations of the naira and the challenges of the Nigerian economy.

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MTN Nigeria moving headquarters to Eko Atlantic 

As part of this commitment, we have acquired a piece of land in Eko Atlantic City, and we will commence construction once we have gotten the equipment,” said  Toriola

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MTN Nigeria is relocating its corporate headquarters from Falomo- Ikoyi, to the Eko Atlantic City.

MTN Nigeria CEO, Karl Toriola, disclosed this during the MyLagosApp launch event in Lagos, yesterday.  Toriola said that the company’s new headquarters will be situated in Eko Atlantic, four years after it  announced plans to build a new head office. 

MTN will be the first telecom operator to build in the coastal city, signaling confidence in its potential as one of the premier business hubs in Nigeria. “Beyond connectivity, we are committed to making long-term investments in Lagos.

As part of this commitment, we have acquired a piece of land in Eko Atlantic City, and we will commence construction once we have gotten the equipment,” said  Toriola.

He added that MTN Nigeria is also constructing West Africa’s largest Tier 4 data center in Lagos.

The facility will house 1,500 racks and operate as a carrier-neutral hub, allowing multiple Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and cloud service providers to interconnect.

Toriola said that the data center will not be situated within Eko Atlantic but on the Lagos mainland. 

“With seven degrees of connectivity, this facility will be the most sophisticated data hub in the region, further strengthening Nigeria’s position as a leader in digital transformation,” Toriola said.

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NESG Urges Diversion of Nigeria’s Trade Amidst U.S and China Tariffs War

Given Nigeria’s heavy reliance on imported manufactured goods and raw materials, NESG warns that the country could face significant economic challenges if these trade tensions escalate further

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▪︎Dr Jumoke Oduwole, Minister of Industry, Trade and Investment.

The Nigerian Economic Summit Group (NESG) has stressed the need for Nigeria to divert its trade pattern towards countries that are unaffected by the U.S. tariffs.

The NESG made the call in its latest Foreign Trade Alert: 2024Q4 & Full Year 2024.

The report highlighted Nigeria’s vulnerability to global trade disruptions, particularly in its import-dependent industrial sector.

“The trade war between the U.S. and China needs to be hedged against.  This would reduce tariff-induced increases in import bills, considering that the country’s import-dependent non-oil industrial sector is highly vulnerable,” the report noted.

The United States imposed a 10% tariff on Chinese imports in February 2025, with plans to increase it by another 10% in April.

In retaliation, China announced additional tariffs of 10-15% on certain U.S. imports starting March 10, 2025, along with a series of export restrictions targeting designated U.S. entities.

These measures are expected to disrupt global supply chains, slow world trade growth, and drive up the prices of globally traded commodities.

Given Nigeria’s heavy reliance on imported manufactured goods and raw materials, NESG warns that the country could face significant economic challenges if these trade tensions escalate further.

China remained Nigeria’s largest trading partner in Q4 2024, followed by India, Belgium, the U.S., and France.

The most imported commodities during the period included refined petroleum products, sugar cane, and spare parts.

However, Nigeria’s reliance on imports, particularly from China, makes it susceptible to price fluctuations and supply chain disruptions stemming from the U.S.-China trade conflict.

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Tax Reform Bills: Reps retain 7.5% VAT, reject increase to 15% by 2030

The House also dismissed a proposal to reintroduce inheritance tax under the guise of taxing family income.

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The House of Representatives has retained Value Added Tax (VAT) at 7.5 percent, rejecting a proposed gradual increase to 15% by 2030.

The House also dismissed a proposal to reintroduce inheritance tax under the guise of taxing family income.

The Chairman of the House Committee on Finance, Rep. James Faleke, during today’s plenary, stated that the submitted report represents a comprehensive review of the bills, incorporating extensive public input.

The report covers four key bills aimed at overhauling Nigeria’s tax framework: Nigeria Tax Bill Nigeria Tax Administration Bill Nigeria Revenue Service (Establishment) Bill Joint Revenue Board (Establishment) Bill Key Amendments in the Tax Reform Bills Nigeria Revenue Service (NRS) Bill .

The NRS will now focus on federal-level revenue collection, excluding individual taxpayers in states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). Board Composition: Section 7 now requires six executive directors, each appointed by the president from the six geopolitical zones on a rotational basis.

Each state and the FCT will also have a representative on the board.

Secretary Qualifications: Section 13 mandates that the Secretary to the Board must be a lawyer, chartered accountant, or chartered secretary at the level of Assistant Director or higher.

Fixed Funding Rate: The NRS will now receive a 4% cost-of-collection rate (excluding royalties), subject to National Assembly approval.

Borrowing Powers Restricted: Section 28 now requires Federal Executive Council (FEC) and National Assembly approval before the NRS can secure any loans.

Joint Revenue Board (JRB) Bill Tax Appeal Commissioners’ Criteria Revised: Section 25 removes the requirement that commissioners must have business management experience, as the Committee deemed it irrelevant.

Strengthened Tax Ombud’s Independence: Section 43 mandates that the Tax Ombud’s Office be funded directly from the Consolidated Revenue Fund, eliminating reliance on external donations.

Independent Funding for Tax Appeal Tribunal (TAT): The tribunal will now operate independently of the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) to prevent conflicts of interest.

Stricter Adherence to the Evidence Act: New rules ensure that tax appeal proceedings strictly follow the Evidence Act.

Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) Processing:

The timeline for issuing TINs has been extended from two working days to five to accommodate administrative delays.

Faster Tax Returns for Ceased Operations: Companies ceasing operations must now file income tax returns within three months, down from six months, to prevent revenue loss.

VAT System Adjustments: Section 22 ensures that taxable supplies are attributed to their place of consumption, addressing regional imbalances.

VAT Fiscalisation System: Section 23 introduces a new regulatory framework to improve VAT collection.

Increased Reporting Thresholds for Banking Transactions:

Individuals: ₦25 million → ₦50 million Corporate Entities: ₦100 million → ₦250 million

Judicial Oversight on Asset Seizure: Section 60 mandates that tax authorities must obtain a court order before seizing movable assets.

Mandatory Electronic Taxpayer Records Access: Section 61 formalizes the government’s right to access electronically stored tax records in line with modern practices.

New VAT Revenue Distribution Formula: 70% distributed equally among local governments 30% based on population .

General Amendments Across Tax Bills VAT Rate Maintained at 7.5% –

The Committee rejected the proposal to gradually increase VAT to 15% by 2030. Petroleum Gains Tax Reduced to 30% – Section 78 revises the tax rate on petroleum gains from 85% to 30%.

Excise Duty Provisions Removed – Excise duty-related provisions were deleted due to concerns about their negative economic impact.

Higher Turnover Threshold for Small Companies:

A business will now be classified as a small company if its annual turnover is ₦100 million or less (asset cap remains at ₦250 million).

New Penalties for Virtual Assets Service Providers (VASPs):

Stricter fines and potential license suspensions for non-compliant crypto and digital asset businesses.

While submitting the report, Rep. Faleke highlighted the importance of the tax reform bills in modernizing Nigeria’s tax system, boosting revenue collection, and fostering economic growth.

“These Bills are critical to implementing a modern, transparent, and efficient tax system that will support economic growth and improve revenue collection,” he said.

He added that the review process was extensive, incorporating input from the public and key government agencies, including: Nigeria Export Processing Zones Authority (NEPZA) National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure (NASENI) National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFund)

“We carefully examined every submission to ensure that public opinion was reflected in our recommendations. This process involved a thorough review of existing laws proposed for repeal or amendment,” Faleke noted.

The amendments impact key laws, including: Companies Income Tax Act (CITA) Value Added Tax Act (VAT Act) Personal Income Tax Act (PITA) Federal Inland Revenue Service (Establishment) Act Petroleum Industry Act Nigeria Export Processing Zones Act Oil and Gas Free Trade Zone Act

The House of Representatives is expected to deliberate on the report in the coming weeks as part of its legislative process.

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