Business
Debt crisis: Developing countries’ external debt hits $11.4trn
When governments must prioritize debt repayments over public services and investments, people pay the price. Schools are underfunded, hospitals lack supplies, and infrastructure crumbles.
UN trade and development reports that developing countries are sinking deeper into a debt-driven development crisis.
In the report, the organization said that the developing nations’ external debt – money owed to foreign creditors – has quadrupled in two decades to a record $11.4 trillion in 2023, equivalent to 99% of their export earnings.
It said:” A mix of factors has fuelled this surge, including increased borrowing for development projects, volatile commodity prices, and widening public deficits.
The COVID-19 pandemic worsened the situation, as countries borrowed heavily to offset the economic fallout and fund public health measures.
While debt can be a vital tool for economic growth and development, it becomes a problem when repayment costs outpace a country’s capacity to pay.
That is now the case for two-thirds of developing countries.
Debt distress now looms over more than half of the 68 low-income countries eligible for the International Monetary Fund’s Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust – more than double the number in 2015.
High interest rates are worsening the burden. In 2023, developing nations paid $847 billion in net interest, a 26% increase from 2021.
They borrowed internationally at rates two to four times higher than the United States and six to 12 times higher than Germany. Defaulting on development:
The real cost of debt
When governments must prioritize debt repayments over public services and investments, people pay the price. Schools are underfunded, hospitals lack supplies, and infrastructure crumbles.
Yet, because existing debt workout mechanisms are inefficient and costly, most governments avoid default at all costs – even if it means sacrificing development goals and climate action.
As a result, countries may not default on their debt, but they default on their development.”
Business
Elumelu shares inspiring story of his beginning as a “young, hungry sales rep”
Elumelu urged people, particularly those building their careers and businesses, to remain consistent and committed to learning. “Keep showing up. Keep learning. Keep executing,” he said.
Businessman and philanthropist Tony Elumelu has shared a picture of his old business card from his early days as a photocopier salesman, recalling the lessons that shaped his approach to business and made him resilient.
Elumelu shared the photograph on his X handle on Thursday, saying he stumbled upon the card and was reminded of his days as a “young, hungry sales rep.”
The old card identifies Elumelu as a Sales Executive with Precissa Sales Limited, with the company’s address listed as Bode Thomas Street, Surulere, Lagos.

Reflecting on the period, Elumelu said the experience taught him “the fundamentals of resilience, negotiation, and grit,” lessons he said have continued to influence how he approaches business and engages with customers.
He wrote: “It’s also a reminder that who you become tomorrow is often shaped by the foundation you lay today; the discipline, hard work, and consistency you put in when no one is watching.”
Elumelu urged people, particularly those building their careers and businesses, to remain consistent and committed to learning. “Keep showing up. Keep learning. Keep executing,” he said.
He ended the post with a light-hearted reference to the details on the old card, saying: “As for the phone number and address on the card? Long gone 😂”
Business
Brent Holds Above $101bp
Iran said it was ready for a more intense conflict, vowing to resist the US naval blockade and warning that it would intensify its attacks if American forces continued strikes on Iranian territory.
Brent crude traded around $101 per barrel on Thursday, hovering at its highest level since May as the intensifying conflict between the US and Iran raised concerns over further disruptions to energy supplies from the Middle East.
Iran said it was ready for a more intense conflict, vowing to resist the US naval blockade and warning that it would intensify its attacks if American forces continued strikes on Iranian territory.
Meanwhile, President Donald Trump predicted that the conflict would not end until after the November midterm elections and said significant relief in gasoline prices was unlikely before then, signaling limited prospects for near-term de-escalation.
Hostilities intensified over the past week following roughly a month of relative calm, with both sides stepping up attacks.
The conflict broadened after Iran-backed Houthi militants attacked several energy facilities in Saudi Arabia, prompting a temporary suspension of some operations.
Business
Takeaways From CIBN 19th Annual Banking and Finance Conference
The large capital raised by banks during the recapitalisation exercise indicated the depth of capital available locally.
By Ochefa
The Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria (CIBN) held its 19th Annual Banking and Finance Conference in Abuja, yesterday.
Themed , “Building a Resilient Economy in an Era of Disruptions: Strategic Imperatives for the Banking and Financial Services Industry,” the conference brought together stakeholders from the banking industry, the World Bank, government officials including economists , business leaders and policy makers.
” The ultimate test of Nigeria’s economic reforms should be their impact on households, businesses and the daily lives of ordinary Nigerians.”
Here are the key points from the discussions:
Dr. Dele Alabi, President and Chairman of Council of CIBN:
•The ultimate test of Nigeria’s economic reforms should be their impact on households, businesses and the daily lives of ordinary Nigerians. Nigeria’s improving macroeconomic indicators will amount to little if they failed to translate into lower living costs, more jobs, higher incomes and better living standards for citizens.
“Macroeconomic progress must, therefore, be felt at the micro level in households, small businesses and the daily lives of ordinary Nigerians. Our task is to build systems that learn, adapt and emerge stronger.”
• Lead Private Sector Development Specialist at the World Bank’s Nigeria Office, Ms Bertine Kamphuis:
Credit to Nigeria’s private sector remain inadequate. She urged banks to channel more financing to sectors with the greatest potential to create jobs, particularly agriculture, manufacturing and MSMEs. According to her, with between three and four million young Nigerians entering the labour market every year, expanding access to productive credit has become imperative.”
• Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, Mr Taiwo Oyedele:
“Strong bank profits alone are no longer sufficient; financial institutions must contribute more directly to economic growth and the welfare of Nigerians.
“For years, we have measured financial institutions by balance-sheet growth, profitability and shareholder returns. These remain important. But we must increasingly ask: what is the financial system doing for the real economy?
A resilient banking system cannot exist indefinitely where businesses cannot obtain affordable credit, manufacturers struggle to finance expansion, and millions of productive MSMEs remain outside the formal financial system.”
•Central Bank of Nigeria, CBN, Mr. Olayemi Cardoso:
” The large capital raised by banks during the recapitalisation exercise indicated the depth of capital available locally.
Represented by the Deputy Governor in charge of Policy, Mr. Philip Ikeazor, the CBN governor challenged operators in the industry to take advantage of the large capital now available to them to fund the real sectors of the economy, with a view to achieving the rapid growth that would impact on better living standards of Nigerians.
He urged state governments to collaborate with the CBN and the fiscal authorities at the federal level to effectively tame inflation, pledging that with the cooperation of all stakeholders, a single digit inflation was achievable.”
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