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Debt crisis: Developing countries’ external debt hits $11.4trn

When governments must prioritize debt repayments over public services and investments, people pay the price. Schools are underfunded, hospitals lack supplies, and infrastructure crumbles.

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UN trade and development reports that developing countries are sinking deeper into a debt-driven development crisis. 

In the report, the organization said that the developing nations’ external debt – money owed to foreign creditors – has quadrupled in two decades to a record $11.4 trillion in 2023, equivalent to 99% of their export earnings.

It said:” A mix of factors has fuelled this surge, including increased borrowing for development projects, volatile commodity prices, and widening public deficits.

The COVID-19 pandemic worsened the situation, as countries borrowed heavily to offset the economic fallout and fund public health measures.

While debt can be a vital tool for economic growth and development, it becomes a problem when repayment costs outpace a country’s capacity to pay. 

That is now the case for two-thirds of developing countries.

Debt distress now looms over more than half of the 68 low-income countries eligible for the International Monetary Fund’s Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust – more than double the number in 2015.

High interest rates are worsening the burden. In 2023, developing nations paid $847 billion in net interest, a 26% increase from 2021.

They borrowed internationally at rates two to four times higher than the United States and six to 12 times higher than Germany. Defaulting on development:

The real cost of debt

When governments must prioritize debt repayments over public services and investments, people pay the price. Schools are underfunded, hospitals lack supplies, and infrastructure crumbles.

Yet, because existing debt workout mechanisms are inefficient and costly, most governments avoid default at all costs – even if it means sacrificing development goals and climate action.

As a result, countries may not default on their debt, but they default on their development.”

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Diesel Costs Bite: LAMATA Accelerates Shift To CNG, Electric Buses

The move comes as diesel prices have more than doubled, rising from about N950 per litre at the beginning of the year to between N1,950 and N2,100 per litre, depending on the source.

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Lagos is accelerating its transition away from diesel-powered public transport as the Lagos Metropolitan Area Transport Authority (LAMATA) begins phasing out diesel buses from its regulated fleet, amid a surge in diesel prices that has pushed operating costs sharply higher.

LAMATA is targeting clean-energy propulsion for 52 per cent of its Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) fleet by 2050, with compressed natural gas (CNG) and electric vehicles (EVs) taking the place of conventional diesel buses under a policy that took effect at the beginning of 2026.

The Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of LAMATA, Mrs. Abimbola Akinajo, disclosed this weekend, during the handover of 20 additional high-capacity CNG buses under the Presidential Initiative on CNG and EVs.

The latest delivery brings LAMATA’s CNG fleet to about 170 buses, following the deployment of approximately 150 CNG buses before the new vehicles were received.

The authority also operates high-capacity and medium-capacity electric buses.

Akinajo said some of the new CNG buses would be deployed on the busy Ikorodu–Tafawa Balewa Square corridor, where passenger demand remains high.

“We will only work with CNG or EV buses, and this has been the policy since the beginning of the year,” she said.

The move comes as diesel prices have more than doubled, rising from about N950 per litre at the beginning of the year to between N1,950 and N2,100 per litre, depending on the source.

For LAMATA, the shift is therefore not only an environmental policy but also a cost-management strategy aimed at shielding commuters and transport operators from the impact of rising fuel expenses.

Akinajo said regulated public transport fares had not been increased, partly because the lower operating costs of CNG and electric buses were helping to contain the pressure on operators.

“Regulated public transport fares have not increased, and these buses have helped us achieve that,” she said.

Diesel phase-outUnder the new policy, existing diesel-powered buses in the regulated system will be progressively replaced with CNG and electric alternatives.

Akinajo said the long-term direction was for the regulated system to ultimately operate an entirely electric fleet, while the broader clean-energy target provides a pathway towards reducing emissions from Lagos’ transportation sector.

Transportation remains a major source of emissions in the megacity, making the switch to cleaner buses a key component of Lagos State’s long-term ambition of achieving net-zero emissions by 2050.

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Naira Rates To Dollar, Pound ,Euro… Friday, October 2

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BLACK MARKET RATES

₦1375DOLLAR (USD)

₦1845 POUND (GBP)

EURO (EUR) ₦1550

₦1000 CANADIAN DOLLAR (CAD)

₦70 SOUTH AFRICAN RAND (ZAR)

₦370 UAE DIRHAM

₦190 CHINESE YUAN (CNY)

₦100 GHANA CEDI (GHS)

₦2350 CFA F.(XOF)

₦2250 CFA F.(XAF)

₦850 AUSTRALIAN DOLLAR (AUSSIE)

Official CBN Exchange Rates

DOLLAR (USD)₦1329.16

POUND (GBP)₦1766.59

EURO (EUR) ₦1510.06

SWISS FRANC (CHF) ₦1593.91

JAPANESE YEN (JPN)₦8.47

CFA FRANC (XOF) ₦2.30

WEST AFRICAN UNIT OF ACCOUNT (WAUA) ₦1807.23

CHINESE YUAN (CNY) ₦198.25

SAUDI RIYAL (SAR) ₦353.97

SOUTH AFRICAN RAND (ZAR) ₦81.18

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Obasanjo: “Aliko Embarrass Me”

He got all his workers together in that refinery and said, without telling me, and there, said…

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Former President of Nigeria, Olusegun Obasanjo, has described Aliko Dangote as his “boss”, crediting the businessman’s industrial achievements to the policies and encouragement provided by his administration.

Obasanjo said this while speaking at the groundbreaking ceremony of the Dangote East Africa Refinery in Lamu, Kenya, where he recalled his recent visit to the Dangote refinery and the businessman’s acknowledgement of the role he played in his transition from cement importation to production.

He said, “About two months ago, three months ago, I visited the refinery which you visited last week. And I just couldn’t stop being surprised what Aliko did. But then Aliko embarrassed me.”

According to Obasanjo, Dangote had gathered his workers during the visit and publicly attributed part of his success in cement production and the eventual development of his refinery to the policies and encouragement of the former president.

He said, “He got all his workers together in that refinery and said, without telling me, and there, said, all of you working here, all of you, the man you have to thank is this man, that’s me. I didn’t have anything to do with his refinery or what it is.

He said, without this man, I would not have been in cement production.“And it is the cement production that provided the encouragement, the inspiration for the refinery. So, thank you. They all shouted and thanked me.”

Obasanjo said Dangote had expanded the opportunities created by his administration beyond Nigeria, particularly through cement production across Africa, and was now replicating the model in the petroleum refining sector.

“May God continue to expand your coast. And you are my boss. You will continue to be my boss.”

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