The Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board will on Thursday review the results of the 2025 Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination following what it described as “unusual” public complaints.

A notice seen by The PUNCH in Abuja confirmed that the review meeting would bring together vice-chancellors, provosts, rectors, school principals, examiners, and technical experts to scrutinise the examination process and address the widespread dissatisfaction expressed by candidates and stakeholders.

This development comes in the wake of mounting protests from candidates and parents over the results released last Friday, with many alleging technical glitches and inconsistencies during the exam.

According to the official notice, the review panel, which includes members from the All Nigeria Confederation of Principals of Secondary Schools, the National Association of Proprietors of Private Schools, Computer Professionals Registration Council of Nigeria, the Educational Assessment and Research Network, and top officials from Nigeria’s tertiary institutions, will evaluate the conduct and outcome of the 2025 UTME.

“In furtherance of the commitment of the board to earn public confidence in its processes, the management of the board has approved your participation to be part of the review panel constituted to appraise the conduct of the examination with the mandate to identify challenges, if any, and proffer relevant recommendations to prevent a recurrence,” the notice reads in part.

It added that the panel’s assignment will be at no cost to the board.

The UTME is a critical prerequisite for admission into tertiary institutions in Nigeria. It tests candidates in four subjects, including the compulsory Use of English, with the other three drawn from their proposed field of study.

Of the 1.9 million candidates who sat the UTME, over 1.5 million reportedly scored below 200 out of the maximum 400 marks, raising concerns across the education sector.

According to the examination agency, a total of 1,955,069 results were processed, out of which only 4,756 candidates (0.24 per cent) scored 320 and above, considered top-tier performance, while 7,658 candidates (0.39 per cent) scored between 300 and 319, bringing the total for those who scored 300 and above to 12,414 candidates (0.63 per cent).

Also, 73,441 candidates (3.76 per cent) scored between 250 and 299 while 334,560 candidates (17.11 per cent) scored between 200 and 249.

A total of 983,187 candidates (50.29 per cent) scored between 160 and 199, which is widely regarded as the minimum threshold for admissions in many institutions.

In the same vein, 488,197 candidates (24.97 per cent) scored between 140 and 159, 57,419 candidates (2.94 per cent) scored between 120 and 139, 3,820 candidates (0.20 per cent) scored between 100 and 119, and 2,031 candidates (0.10 per cent) scored below 100.

Over 75 per cent of all candidates (1.5 million) scored below 200, average score seeing as the examination is graded over 400.

Some affected candidates threatened to initiate a lawsuit against JAMB.

Responding to the controversy, JAMB’s spokesman, Dr. Fabian Benjamin, on Monday said the board was accelerating its annual post-examination system review, which typically assesses the registration, examination, and result phases months after the exercise.

“We are particularly concerned about the unusual complaints originating from a few states within the federation,” Benjamin stated.

“We are currently scrutinising these complaints in detail to identify and rectify any potential technical issues.

”According to the statement, the board is scrutinising these complaints in detail to identify and rectify potential technical issues.

JAMB said the annual review encompasses three key stages: registration, examination, and result release.

It explained that during the examination, JAMB ensures that every candidate is afforded the opportunity to sit the test, and should any technical issues arise, the board reschedules the examination for affected candidates.

JAMB said experts have been engaged to assist in the review.

The Registrar of JAMB, Prof. Ishaq Oloyede, while reacting to the results said that the performance statistics for the 2025 Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination are in line with results recorded over the past 12 years.

He emphasised, however, that such results are not unusual and align with historical patterns.

“This is not peculiar to this year. The performance statistics are consistent with those of the last 12 years,” he said.

In 2024, 76 per cent of candidates who sat the UTME scored less than 200 points.

In 2022, 1.3 million candidates out of 1.7 million – or 78 per cent – who sat the 2022 UTME scored below 200, according to JAMB.

In 2021, only 803 candidates out of 1.3 million – or 0.06 per cent – who sat the 2021 UTME scored above 300.

The Minister of Education, Dr. Tunji Alausa, while also reacting to the results, said the high failure rate in the 2025 Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination was clear evidence that the government’s anti-malpractice measures were yielding results, especially within the Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board system.

Meanwhile, the JAMB board assured that any candidate affected by technical disruptions during the examination would be given another opportunity to write the test, in line with its established procedures.

Commenting on the performance outcome, the Minister of Education, Dr. Tunji Alausa, maintained that the results reflect the federal government’s strengthened efforts to combat examination malpractice and ensure integrity in the admissions process.

But candidates and parents have continued to allege discrepancies in the released results with some calling on the Board to release the modalities with which it scored each candidate.

Some candidates have rejected their results, insisting they do not reflect their actual performance.

A group of candidates, numbering over 8,000, reportedly submitted complaints regarding technical glitches experienced during the examination.

A social media user, @Pennyfabz, who scored 156 expressed concerns, saying she had previously scored 285 in the previous edition of the UTME.

“Dear @JAMBHQ, Something is wrong with my result. I’m very confident that this is not what I’m meant to get. Please look into this matter. I’m seriously comforting myself that everything is okay.

Please listen to our plea. I can’t go from 285 to 156,” the candidate posted on X.A parent also called for a review, saying, “We demand a remark from JAMB. These are exceptional students scoring below 200.

Many complained of incomplete questions and other technical issues. JAMB has said nothing. This cannot be swept under the rug.

”Meanwhile, it was not all about protests against the results as history was made with Afolabi Ayodeji, a 15-year-old student from Icons Comprehensive College in Ijapo Estate, Akure, Ondo State, scored 370 out of 400 maximum marks obtainable, setting a landmark record in the 2025 UTME result.

A breakdown of his scores, according to JAMB, indicates: Mathematics — 98, Physics — 98, Chemistry — 94 and Use of English — 80, highlighting his exceptional grasp of both the sciences and language subjects.

Ayodeji’s 370 score is the highest recorded in over a decade, marking a noteworthy milestone in Nigeria’s education sector in over a decade.

According to data from JAMB, no individual has attained a score of 370 since the inception of the board’s computer-based test in 2013, making his feat the highest in this era.

“I didn’t set out to break any record; I just wanted to give my best. I thank God, my parents, and my teachers for believing in me,” Ayodeji said after his feat.

A female broadcast journalist, working at Ogun State Television, OGTV, in Abeokuta, Mrs Bukola Agbakaizu, slumped and died while preparing for afternoon shift duty at the state-owned television station.

Agbakaizu’s death on Monday was confirmed by the Secretary of the Nigeria Union of Journalists, Ogun State Council, Mr Bunmi Adigun.Agbakaizu, 52 years, was an ex-Officio of the council until her death.

The statement reads: “Agbakaizu, a dedicated staff member of Ogun State Television, tragically collapsed while preparing for afternoon shift, and despite efforts to revive her, she was pronounced dead upon arrival at the Federal Medical Centre.

“A versatile journalist and a passionate comrade, Bukola served as a former Vice Chairman of OGTV Chapel and was an invaluable member of the Wale Olanrewaju-led Executive.

Her vibrant spirit and commitment to journalism will be sorely missed, leaving an irreplaceable void in our community.

She is survived by her two children, her aged mother, and countless colleagues and friends who mourn her loss.

The World Bank has described Nigeria’s 2025 federal budget as overly ambitious, warning that the Federal Government may be forced to turn to the Central Bank of Nigeria’s Ways and Means facility to finance likely revenue shortfalls.

The Bank gave this warning on Monday during the public presentation of its latest Nigeria Development Update report titled ‘Building Momentum for Inclusive Growth’ in Abuja.

President Bola Tinubu signed the 2025 Appropriation Act into law, approving a record budget of N54.99tn, the highest in Nigeria’s history.

The budget was raised from the initial proposal of N49.7tn submitted to the National Assembly.

The fiscal plan makes provisions for N13.64tn in recurrent expenditure, N23.96tn for capital projects, N14.32tn for debt servicing, and N3.65tn for statutory transfers, while projecting a deficit of N13.08tn, to be financed through domestic and external borrowing.

The budget assumptions include a crude oil benchmark of $75 per barrel, oil production at 2.06 million barrels per day, an average exchange rate of N1,400/$, and an inflation target of 15 per cent.

Speaking at the event, the World Bank’s Lead Economist for Nigeria, Mr Alex Sienaert, said that despite strong revenue gains recorded in 2024, Nigeria’s 2025 budget assumptions remain optimistic and may prove difficult to meet.

He said, “It’s a very ambitious budget. Even with the very positive revenue sort of tailwind that we have… even considering that, it looks like it’s going to be pretty hard to meet some of the ambitious revenue targets that are in there.”

According to him, key assumptions such as average daily crude oil production of 2.1 million barrels per day and a benchmark oil price of $75 per barrel are unlikely to hold, noting that current production figures are closer to 1.6 million barrels per day.

He also cited uncertainty over how much revenue would flow from the removal of the petrol subsidy and the planned windfall tax on foreign exchange gains, saying these could weaken the Federal Government’s revenue position.

“This is important because if it does turn out that the revenue targets are not met, then that could mean that the financing requirements are more than budgeted.

And if the financing requirements exceed what’s budgeted, then that’s either going to create arrears pressures… or it could renew risks of recourse to things like deficit monetisation under large-scale Ways and Means,” he said.

Sienaert warned that although Nigerian authorities had pledged not to resort to the CBN’s overdraft facility, doing so again could derail the country’s fragile macroeconomic recovery.

“The authorities have been very clear that they will by no means be going back to large-scale use of Ways and Means, but were that to happen, it would be just extremely disruptive to the whole rebuilding of confidence in fiscal sustainability and in the naira ultimately,” he noted.

On broader fiscal matters, the World Bank called on the Federal Government to eliminate the electricity subsidy, which it described as a “wasteful, regressive subsidy.”

Sienaert said key fiscal reforms such as the removal of the petrol subsidy and the adoption of a market-reflective exchange rate had helped improve the government’s fiscal position, but further reforms were needed.

“There’s still a range of fiscal policy and fiscal management issues where more can be done to safeguard the gains that have already been achieved… just to name, there is still one kind of wasteful regressive subsidy, which is the electricity subsidy.

So work to address that,” he said.He also advocated for improved oil revenue transparency and a reduction in the cost of governance, saying efforts to increase non-oil revenue must continue.

Sienaert noted that although the Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited began applying official exchange rates for fiscal transactions in October 2023, only half of the revenue gains from the subsidy removal had been remitted to the Federation Account by January 2025.

“It’s just going to be important in the coming months to keep tracking this, and ultimately that the full revenue gains from the difficult job of eliminating the subsidy do flow to the Federation so that that can support a continued healthy fiscal picture and, in turn, spending on development priorities,” he said.

On inflation, the World Bank economist said monetary policy reforms had helped reduce inflationary pressures but noted that consumer prices remained high.

“We do need to acknowledge that price pressures remain elevated,” he said.

“The battle against inflation continues, and to extend the military analogy a little bit, there’s a kind of fog of war… quite dense just at the moment.”

He added that recent changes to the Consumer Price Index by the National Bureau of Statistics had made it difficult to determine the current trend in inflation, noting, however, that continued coordination between fiscal and monetary authorities would be critical to restoring confidence.

The World Bank further urged the government to ramp up implementation of its targeted cash transfer programme aimed at cushioning the cost of reforms on poor households.

The programme currently offers N25,000 monthly for three months to 15 million recipients.

“The implementation has just been quite slow. So only about a third of those recipients have received transfers so far. The good news is that this is being scaled up… and just important that that effort really continues so that as many people as possible get help,” Sienaert said.

Looking ahead, he called for a new growth strategy based on a “private-led, public-facilitated” model.

The World Bank also stressed the need to reduce costs of governance, including cutting “wasteful expenditures that are not essential, such as purchase of vehicles, external training, etc.” and reducing “the cost of collection of GOEs (FIRS, NCS, NMDPRA, NUPRC, etc.).

”He emphasised the need for increased investment in education and health, noting that Nigeria’s combined spending in these sectors remained among the lowest globally.

“In 2022, Nigeria was only spending 1.2 per cent of GDP on education and 1.8 per cent on health, or $23 per Nigerian per year on education, $15 per Nigerian per year on health,” he said.

He said private sector growth must also be supported by improving the competitive landscape and reviewing trade policies that restrict access to essential production inputs.

“Competition is like the sort of secret sauce that drives innovation and economic transformation.

And in Nigeria, there’s some evidence… that actually there are elements of competition policy, and there are conditions that are needed for good competition that actually even compared to some of Nigeria’s immediate peers… the Nigerian competitive landscape lags some of those,” he said.

The Bank believes that following through with these reforms will position Nigeria to achieve its goal of becoming a $1tn economy by 2030.

Speaking at the event, the Minister of Budget and Economic Planning, Senator Abubakar Bagudu, has faulted the World Bank’s claim that Nigeria’s 2025 budget is overly ambitious, insisting that the projections are modest and aligned with the country’s growth capacity.

While the World Bank’s Lead Economist for Nigeria, Mr Alex Sienaert, had earlier described the 2025 fiscal projections as “very ambitious” and warned of possible recourse to deficit monetisation, Bagudu took a different view.

“Is the projection of the 2025 budget ambitious? No, they are not,” the minister said.

“They are all modest. Because even in the presentation, two things were said — some oil prices are about $60, but the average for Nigeria is $73 because of our premium grades.

”On crude oil production, which the World Bank said was likely overstated in the budget at 2.1 million barrels per day, Bagudu insisted Nigeria has both the record and capacity to exceed that.

“We have produced more than 2.3 million barrels a day,” he said.

“And the Minister of Petroleum always tells us that the technical and fiscal capacity — that means the ability to produce in terms of acreage, in terms of technology — is higher than that.

So, we are right as a team to say that, look, we are going to task everyone. ”He argued that budgets should be aspirational and not constrained by present challenges.

aspirational and not constrained by present challenges.

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“A budget should not be a reflection of our indulgences. It should be a reflection of our potential. Mr President made it clear — all of us are going to be challenged to give our best,” he said.

Bagudu also pointed to improvements in Nigeria’s fiscal performance, citing a rise in revenue-to-GDP and expenditure-to-GDP ratios. He said these indicators are critical to delivering inclusive growth.

“Revenue-to-GDP ratio has gone up, expenditure-to-GDP ratio has gone up, which is critical to delivering inclusiveness,” he said.

“Especially the fact that in the increased revenue to sub-nationals… there is even a reduction in debt for the sub-nationals, which enhances their fiscal space.

”Highlighting President Bola Tinubu’s broader economic agenda, the minister revealed that a national initiative focused on mapping economic opportunities in Nigeria’s 8,809 political wards would soon be launched.

“What we have been dealing with is a programme to ensure that all three tiers of government are working together to map economic opportunities in all the 8,809 wards,” he said.