Business
The rich country with the worst mobile-phone service
5G networks are fast. Their roll-out is not

(The Economist)
BRITAIN HAS long been a pioneer in telecoms. In 1837 it built the world’s first commercial telegraph; the first transatlantic call was placed from London in 1927; in 1992 a British programmer sent the first text message to a mobile phone.
Today it lags rather than leads. According to figures provided to The Economist by Opensignal, a research firm, Britain ranks 46th for download speeds out of the 56 developed and developing countries for which there are data (see chart).
That gives it the worst mobile service in the rich world. Some of this is due to demand. Over the past three years data usage on mobile devices has doubled as people stream films and play games.
The busiest parts of cities often lack mobile reception because the system is at capacity. But mainly it is an issue of supply.
British users of 5G—the fifth generation of networks, which offers speeds up to ten times faster than 4G—are only on it 11% of the time. That puts Britain 43rd out of the 56 countries.
This lacklustre performance is caused by a combination of government U-turns, insufficient investment and sclerotic planning.
First, the U-turns. Until 2020 Britain’s four mobile operators were enthusiastic buyers of 5G equipment manufactured by Huawei, a Chinese firm.
But after intense lobbying from America, Britain’s politicians reversed course: telecoms operators must now remove all their 5G Huawei equipment by 2027.
This has delayed 5G’s roll-out. The country’s four mobile providers—BT/EE, O2, Three and Vodafone—have spent about £2bn ($2.6bn) over the past four years ripping out and replacing Huawei equipment. Second, the need for more investment.
About 90% of Britain’s 5G signals are broadcast from bolt-ons to the existing 4G network.
This “non-stand-alone” version of 5G does not allow “network slicing”, a way to get greater capacity in congested areas, or the quick response times needed to communicate with new technologies such as self-driving cars.
A new “core network” using stand-alone technology must be installed to get the full benefits of 5G. But, according to Frontier Economics, a consultancy, the four mobile operators are likely to invest only about £9bn of the £22bn-32bn required.
A marriage might help. Vodafone and Three, the country’s third- and fourth-largest mobile operators, say they are too small to justify the high capital expenditure of stand-alone 5G, and that they would invest £11bn over a decade if they could merge.
Karen Egan of Enders Analysis, a consultancy, estimates that synergies would result in a 30% increase in network capacity.
The Competition and Markets Authority (CMA), a watchdog, is due to decide on the merger on December 7th; it has suggested that 5G investment would be a legally binding condition for a deal. Even if the CMA allows the merger, improving 5G network capacity means erecting more masts.
In 2022 the rules were loosened to permit masts less than 30 metres high to be built without having to seek planning permission. But operators still complain.
Shorter masts cover a smaller area, so more must be built. O2 says it takes at least six months to get a decision on a mast over 30 metres high; applications are often stymied by local opposition.
Overcoming these obstacles is vital for achieving the goal of universal 5G by 2030.
It will also be needed for the eventual roll-out of 6G. In laboratory environments the next generation of mobile networks has reportedly notched up speeds 100 times faster than 5G. Britain is anything but that.■
Business
CBN warns BDCs, banks to tighten compliance on anti-money laundering, counter-terrorism regulations

The Central Bank of Nigeria has warned licenced Bureau De Change Operators and financial institutions in the country against violating its anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing framework.
The apex bank issued this warning in a circular signed by its director of compliance department, Amonia Opusunju on Thursday.
CBN vowed to impose sanctions on BDC operators who failed to adhere to its regulatory framework.
“BDC operators are reminded that they are required to fully comply with the provisions of the Money Laundering (Prevention and Prohibition) Act, 2022; the Terrorism (Prevention and Prohibition) Act, 2022; and the Regulatory and Supervisory Guidelines for Bureau de Change Operators in Nigeria, 2024,” CBN said.
“Any other relevant laws, regulations, and guidelines issued by the CBN and Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit (NFIU).
“All BDCs are advised to ensure that their operations, staff training, transaction monitoring, and customer onboarding procedures are always fully compliant with applicable requirements,” the apex bank said.
Similarly, CBN also urged all financial institutions in Nigeria to tighten compliance with both domestic and international sanction lists, including the United Nations Consolidated Sanctions List and the Nigerian Sanctions List, in line with the Terrorism (Prevention and Prohibition) Act 2022 and others.
“Financial institutions are required to maintain a robust and dynamic sanctions compliance framework that enables them to identify and respond promptly to updates or changes across all applicable sanctions lists; prevent the use of their systems and platforms for transactions involving designated individuals or entities; conduct real-time screening of customers, transactions, and beneficial owners; and file appropriate reports with the Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit and notify the CBN, where necessary,” the circular partly reads.
Recall that on February 27, 2024, the financial regulator approved the sale of foreign exchange (FX) to BDC operators, reversing its decision to halt FX sales to the BDCs in 2021.
Meanwhile, on February 6, 2025, the apex bank introduced new regulations limiting BDC operators to purchasing a maximum of $25,000 per week from a single bank.
Business
For The Record: “I Will Build an “NNPC that’ll be the Pride of Nigerians”- Ojulari
Ojulari said that the NNPC Ltd. under his stewardship aims to attract sectoral investments worth $30 billion by 2027 and $60 billion by 2030; raise crude oil production to over 2 million barrels per day, sustained through 2027, and attain 3 million by 2030.

The new Group Chief Executive Officer of the NNPC Ltd., Mr. Bashir Bayo Ojulari, has pledged to build an NNPCL that will be the pride of all Nigerians.
“We recognize that our greatest asset is our people. Our success will be powered by empowered employees. As such, we are fully committed to creating a workplace where everyone is valued, motivated, and inspired to thrive. Together, we will build a high-performing, globally competitive NNPC Ltd that is proudly Nigerian and proudly world-class,” Ojulari said during a meeting with the staff of the Company, with a vow to pursue the company’s bold ambitions and build an NNPC that will be the pride of all Nigerians.
In a Town Hall meeting held at the NNPC Towers in Abuja, on Thursday, Ojulari said it was a huge honour and responsibility to lead the NNPC Ltd.
He describes the Company as an entity that means a lot to Nigeria and its future.
“We stand at the gateway of a new era—one that demands courage, professionalism, and a relentless drive for excellence.
The task before us is great, yet the opportunity to redefine Nigeria’s energy future is even greater. Now is the time to turn our transformation promise into performance,” Ojulari told thousands of the Company’s staff.
Ojulari said that the NNPC Ltd. under his stewardship aims to attract sectoral investments worth $30 billion by 2027 and $60 billion by 2030; raise crude oil production to over 2 million barrels per day, sustained through 2027, and attain 3 million by 2030; expand refining output to 200kbpd by 2027, and 500kbpd by 2030; grow gas production to 10bcf per day by 2027, and 12bcf by 2030 and deepen energy access and affordability for all Nigerians.
To achieve these targets, the company will be focusing on reconfiguring its business structure for agility and value creation, conducting independent value assessments to inform data-driven decisions, enforcing a robust performance management framework, building transparent, value-aligned partnerships with all stakeholders, and, most critically, taking control of its narrative.
While explaining the criticality of pursuing the Company’s bold ambitions, the Group CEO said the targets are not just metrics, but indicators of hope, jobs, industrial growth, and energy security for millions of Nigerians.
Describing NNPC Ltd. as a renewed, forward-facing, and future-ready organisation that is proudly leading Nigeria’s energy transformation, Ojulari said “it’s time we tell our story—one of innovation, reform, and national pride.”
He charged staff to be proud of NNPC Ltd.’s recent transformation, stressing that the next journey to becoming a fully-fledged limited liability company will require the collective drive towards making NNPC more transparent, profitable, and accountable.
The Group CEO pledged to give all employees the space to be able to outperform competitors.
“We will provide the best combination where the experienced and the young will both thrive towards achieving our set targets,” he assured.
He said his Management will deepen collaboration with the Company’s in-house and national unions to build a stronger, trust-based relationship that reflects shared purpose and mutual respect.
He also called on all staff to lead with integrity and act with urgency while bringing their very best to the table.
Business
LCCI, NIXIN Reel Actions to Boost Nigeria’s Paper Industry
He condemned the current tariff regime, which imposes duties on plain paper imports but allows for the importation of printed materials duty-free.

The Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LCCI) has called on the Federal Government to provide policy support and incentives to boost local paper manufacturing in Nigeria.
The Chairman, LCCI, Printing Publishing and Allied Group (PPA), Gabriel Okonkwo, stressed the urgent need for government intervention in the paper manufacturing sector to revive local production and reduce Nigeria’s dependence on imports.
During a meeting with stakeholders at NIXIN Paper Mill, Okonkwo highlighted policy inconsistencies that have continued to undermine local manufacturers.
He condemned the current tariff regime, which imposes duties on plain paper imports but allows for the importation of printed materials duty-free.
“This unfair policy has created a lopsided competitive environment that favours foreign manufacturers over local producers.
“This has led to a situation where it’s cheaper to print books and other materials abroad and import them, rather than produce them locally,” he added.
As a result, a significant number of printing jobs are being outsourced to other countries, depriving our local industry of business opportunities.
If local manufacturers can provide high-quality paper at competitive prices, it would reduce our reliance on imports, conserve foreign exchange, create jobs, and contribute significantly to the economy,” Okonkwo said.
He pointed out that Nigeria’s large population, especially its student demographic, offers a massive market for paper products, calling on support for local paper manufacturers to produce at scale and competitive prices.
Reinforcing his call for increased confidence in local capacity, Okonkwo pointed to recent developments with the electoral body as a case in point. “INEC didn’t even believe we could produce ballot papers locally until recently.
It’s time we began to believe in and invest in our own,” Okonkwo stressed.
As part of NIXIN Paper Mill’s commitment to the nation’s self-sustenance, the paper mill is concentrated on increasing production capacity, improving product quality, and expanding its product line to meet the growing demands of the Nigerian market, thereby reducing the country’s dependence on foreign paper products and contributing to the growth of the local economy.
The Managing Director of NIXIN Paper Mill, Eric Wang, highlighted the potential of Nigeria’s paper industry, comparing it with his hometown in China, with a population of just 300,000, supporting a paper factory that consumes over 20,000 tons monthly.
In contrast, Nigeria, with a population exceeding 200 million, recorded only 70,000 to 75,000 tonnes per month, a figure he believes should be much higher given the country’s educational and commercial demands.
“We see that over 80 percent of Nigeria’s educational and printing materials are imported from Asia,” Wang stated.
Business Manager, NIXIN, Williams Sun, echoed that Nigeria significantly underutilized its local paper production capacity, with many orders still going to countries like India and China.
He emphasized the significant investment NIXIN has made of over $60 million and expressed frustration over the lack of returns, noting that one year into operations, the expected market response has yet to materialize.
Sun urged the government to support investors and take steps that will attract more players into the publishing and paper production space, which is critical for building a self-sufficient industry.
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